Diabetes According to Chiasson and Rabasa-Lhoret, there are a few data on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion on the effort of preventing diabetes and developing glucose intolerance (2). People with glucose tolerance problems should diet and participate in exercise for about three hours per week, in order to lower the risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes can reduce the onset of diabetes by nearly 60%, if a patient would lower his or her calorie, start a low-fat diet, and do aerobic exercise (Chiasson and Rabasa-Lhoret 78). Slim people benefit more from exercise than obese people. However, dieting and exercising help reduce the incidence of diabetes in both slim and obese people. Exercise is very important in preventing and managing type 2 diabetes.
All in all, a person should exercise and watch what he or she eats in order to help prevent diabetes (Chiasson and Rabasa-Lhoret 80). According to Whittemore, Bak, Melkus, and Grey, a lifestyle change is the main way that a person can manage his or her obesity, alone with other treatment options, such as a very low-calorie diet, and weight-loss surgery (341). Overweight and obesity are the main causes of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, gall bladder disease, osteoarthritis and lung cancer. Changing lifestyle and losing weight can reduce the risk of developing many of these health problems (Whittemore, Bak, Melkus and Grey 342). A person living with a chronic illness must become responsible for his or her own self- management.
Knowledge and skills are necessary for a person to perform self care, make daily decisions on his or her own, and engage in lifestyle living that will benefit his or her health. A person should also be informed before taking programs, such as: A diabetes education program and weight loss program that the programs take work, such as time, energy and effort. During a lifestyle change encouragement from family members, professional support and positive feedback can be helpful to a person, regardless of his or her success or failure (Whittemore, Bak, Melkus, and Grey 346). According to Oiknine, Bernbaum, and Mooradian, there are different types of insulin and Insulin can manage type 1 diabetes (325). Insulin is one of the best and oldest ways of handling type 1 diabetes. Highly concentrated insulin treatment lowers death rate in diabetic patients.
Insulin is used to treat type 1 diabetes and some cases type 2 diabetes (Oiknine, Bernbaum, and Mooradian 326). According to Oiknine, Bernbaum, and Mooradian, some studies have shown that insulin may be a risk factor for vascular disease (327). Factors such as, smoking and temperature can slow down or speed up the insulin absorption process. Rapid-acting insulin is not the best alternative to the body’s normal insulin secretions. Rapid-acting insulin is available pre mixed, and there are two types of pre mixed insulin Huma log mix and Nov ology mix. However, a person mixing insulin alone could cause possible health risks due to an overdose of insulin.
The development of ways to inject insulin without incisions or instruments is under way. These developments include oral and inhaled (Oiknine, Bernbaum, and Mooradian 331). According to Villarosa middle age is when the African American male is at the most high risk of their life of having many health problems such as, hypertension, cancer, stroke and heart disease (1). Diabetes is one of those disease that hit African American males earlier and harder than Caucasian males.
The mortality rate among African men are higher than Caucasian below age 84 (Villarosa 1). African American males between the ages of 55 and 64 are killed three times the rate of Caucasian American males by diabetes and stroke. Villarosa states, “Black men live about seven years less than White men.” This is mainly due to not getting help in a timely manner (2). Even though African and Caucasian males have equal incomes and insurance coverage, African males receive inferior care.
At a facility where money is not an object, Caucasian males were offered more sophisticated methods of treatment four times more than African males with the same symptoms (Villarosa 3). Villarosa says, “We should not be losing men because we have not provided good care, treatment, information and education in a timely manner (2).” Obesity is the main cause of the rising Diabetes epidemic in the United States (1). If Americans would change their diet and eating habit, diabetes will change for the better (2). Fast food and the lack of outdoor space for exercise are just a few of the problems of preventing diabetes. About 16 million Americans today have Diabetes, however, by 2025 the number of diabetic cases will reach 22 million (2). The leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, amputations and the rise of heart attacks are Diabetes.
Diabetes kills about 180, 000 Americans each year, and 70% of that is among African Americans. Each year Diabetes rises about 10% higher with Caucasian, Hispanics, and other group of people. The problem is expected to become worse over the next several years, because the Americans way of life tends to favor inactivity. Dr. Sherwin says, “We ” re going to need a major education program in the schools to reverse this (3).” There are approximately 800, 000 new cases of Diabetes diagnosed each year. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death today and a major contributor to many serious health problems (3).
According to Smith, Diabetes has been curable for about 40 years (1). The three steps to cure are: stop believing Diabetes is not curable, stop believing all food is not harmful and become more knowledgeable in using different effective methods (Smith 3, 7, 10). According to Smith, one or more symptoms of Diabetes affect over half the people in America (5). Obesity affects one-third of the population and half of that population is overweight. Diabetes occurs when the body fails to break down carbohydrates (Smith 5, 6).
Smith says, “It become fashionable to think that Diabetes increased cardiovascular risk.” The main symptom of Diabetes is high blood glucose level. After a person finds out he or she has Diabetes, it is usually treated by some type of insulin or oral medication. There are five types of oral medication to decrease blood sugar in the body. However, insulin can be given to patients with type 1 or type 2 Diabetes (Smith 8, 9). According to Matiella, a person can tell if he or she has Diabetes by the amount of sugar in their blood (1). Too much sugar means a person is diabetic, using insulin will help process sugar and make sure sugar gets to its destination.
Once sugar reaches its destination, sugar can be turned into energy. If a person’s insulin is not functioning properly, his or her blood sugar goes up. The rising of a person’s blood sugar causes Diabetes to occur (Matiella 1). Diabetes is hereditary, and is most often found in people who are obese and over the age of 40 years old.
High blood sugar causes damage to kidneys, eyes, nerves, and blood vessels. Diabetes also leads to amputation of a person’s feet or limbs, and heart disease (Matiella 2). Prevention of Diabetes for a person is to take care of their health, by eating healthy, exercising, not smoking, and loss weight (Matiella 3). According to Delamater it is important to consider the life of youth with Diabetes (1). Diabetes can interfere with youth ability to accomplish important developmental tasks and achieve good psychosocial adjustment, especially When youth with Diabetes are introduce to insulin for the first time in order to maintain his or her glycemic level, and reduce the risk of health complications (Delamater 1). Youth with Diabetes feel that having Diabetes is a difficult task to manage.
Youth that worries about having Diabetes have a lower level of self-esteem, depression, and less family support. Girls are more Diabetes worries than boys (Delamater 2, 3). Diabetes can be a big challenge for youth and families, because 36% of youth who are diagnose with Diabetes has psychiatric disorders. The majority of psychiatric disorders are clear up within the first year after diagnosis.
Poorer adjustment of Diabetes during childhood persists into early adulthood. Youth with Diabetes especially girls have an eating disorder. Families with youth that has poor metabolic control have more conflict, financial problems and are less stability than youth with good metabolic control. Youth with Diabetes misses school a great deal, have lower reading scores, along with other learning problems, from youth who do not have Diabetes. These Diabetes problems are normally affected more by boys than girls (Delamater 4, 5)..